Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Treatment of Multifunctional Substituted Hydroxyapatite with Prospective Applications in Bone Regeneration

Orthopedic bone graft infections are major complications in today’s medicine, and the demand for antibacterial treatments is expanding because of spread antibiotic resistance. Various compositions hydroxyapatite (HAp) which Calcium (Ca2+) ions substituted with Cerium (Ce3+) Magnesium (Mg2+) herein proposed as biomaterials hard tissue implants. This approach gained popularity recent years and, pursuit mimicking natural mineral’s composition, over 70 elements Periodic Table were already reported substituents into HAp structure. The current study aimed to create materials based on HAp, Hap-Ce, Hap-Mg using hydrothermal maturation microwave field. route has been considered a novel, promising, effective way obtain monodisperse, fine nanoparticles while easily controlling synthesis parameters. synthesized powders characterized morphologically structurally by XRD diffraction, Dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, FTIR spectrometry, SEM analysis. Proliferation morphological analysis osteoblast cell cultures used demonstrate cytocompatibility produced biomaterials. antimicrobial effect was highlighted samples, especially cerium. Therefore, samples cerium or magnesium enhanced osseointegration, also having capacity reduce device-associated infections.